Docs
README
21.5 Capstone Projects
Overview
Apply everything you've learned in comprehensive real-world projects that combine security, performance, design patterns, and best practices.
Learning Objectives
- •Build complete, production-ready applications
- •Apply security best practices throughout
- •Implement performance optimizations
- •Use appropriate design patterns
- •Handle errors gracefully
- •Write maintainable, testable code
Capstone Project 1: Task Management System
Description
A full-featured task management application with user authentication, team collaboration, and real-time updates.
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ TASK MANAGER APP │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ ┌─────────────┐ ┌─────────────┐ ┌─────────────────────┐ │
│ │ AUTH │ │ TASKS │ │ REAL-TIME │ │
│ │ MODULE │ │ MODULE │ │ SYNC │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ - Login │ │ - Create │ │ - WebSocket │ │
│ │ - Register │ │ - Update │ │ - Notifications │ │
│ │ - JWT │ │ - Delete │ │ - Live updates │ │
│ │ - Sessions │ │ - Filter │ │ - Presence │ │
│ └─────────────┘ └─────────────┘ └─────────────────────┘ │
│ │
│ ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐│
│ │ DATA LAYER ││
│ │ - IndexedDB for offline - API sync - Caching ││
│ └─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘│
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Features to Implement
- •
Authentication System
- •Secure login/register forms
- •JWT token management
- •Session handling
- •Password validation
- •
Task Management
- •CRUD operations
- •Drag-and-drop prioritization
- •Labels and categories
- •Due date reminders
- •
Team Collaboration
- •User assignment
- •Comments
- •Activity history
- •Notifications
- •
Data Persistence
- •Offline-first with IndexedDB
- •Sync with backend
- •Conflict resolution
Capstone Project 2: E-Commerce Dashboard
Description
An admin dashboard for managing products, orders, and analytics with performance optimizations.
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ E-COMMERCE DASHBOARD [User ▼] │
├────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ │
│ ┌──────────────────────────┐ ┌────────────────────────────┐ │
│ │ METRICS CARDS │ │ SALES CHART │ │
│ │ ┌────┐ ┌────┐ ┌────┐ │ │ ╭─────────────────╮ │ │
│ │ │$42K│ │1.2K│ │89% │ │ │ ▄▄▄│ │ │ │
│ │ │Rev │ │Ord │ │Rate│ │ │ ▄█▀ │ Analytics │ │ │
│ │ └────┘ └────┘ └────┘ │ │█▀ │ │ │ │
│ └──────────────────────────┘ └────────────────────────────┘ │
│ │
│ ┌──────────────────────────┐ ┌────────────────────────────┐ │
│ │ PRODUCTS TABLE │ │ RECENT ORDERS │ │
│ │ Virtual Scrolling │ │ Live Updates │ │
│ │ • Product 1 $99 │ │ • Order #1234 $156 │ │
│ │ • Product 2 $149 │ │ • Order #1235 $89 │ │
│ │ • Product 3 $79 │ │ • Order #1236 $234 │ │
│ │ ... 10,000 items │ │ │ │
│ └──────────────────────────┘ └────────────────────────────┘ │
│ │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Features to Implement
- •
Dashboard Components
- •Metric cards with animations
- •Charts (line, bar, pie)
- •Real-time data updates
- •Date range selectors
- •
Product Management
- •Virtual scrolling for large lists
- •Image lazy loading
- •Bulk operations
- •Search and filters
- •
Order Processing
- •Order status workflow
- •Email notifications
- •Invoice generation
- •Refund handling
- •
Performance Optimizations
- •Memoization
- •Debounced search
- •Lazy-loaded routes
- •Service worker caching
Capstone Project 3: Real-Time Chat Application
Description
A secure messaging platform with end-to-end encryption, file sharing, and rich media support.
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ SECURE CHAT 🔒 E2E │
├───────────────┬─────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ │ │
│ CONTACTS │ CONVERSATION │
│ ─────────── │ ────────────────────────────────────────── │
│ │ │
│ 🟢 Alice │ Alice: Hello! How are you? 10:30 │
│ 🟢 Bob │ ───────────────────────────────────────────── │
│ 🔴 Charlie │ │
│ 🟡 Diana │ You: I'm good! Check this out: 10:31 │
│ │ ┌─────────────────┐ │
│ ─────────── │ │ 📷 image.jpg │ │
│ CHANNELS │ └─────────────────┘ │
│ ─────────── │ ───────────────────────────────────────────── │
│ │ │
│ # general │ Alice: Nice! 👍 10:32 │
│ # dev │ │
│ # random │ ───────────────────────────────────────────── │
│ │ │
│ │ ┌──────────────────────────────────────────┐ │
│ │ │ Type a message... 📎 😀 │ │
│ │ └──────────────────────────────────────────┘ │
└───────────────┴─────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Features to Implement
- •
Messaging System
- •Real-time message delivery
- •Message status (sent, delivered, read)
- •Typing indicators
- •Message reactions
- •
Security
- •End-to-end encryption
- •Key exchange protocol
- •Secure message storage
- •Session management
- •
Media Support
- •Image/file upload
- •Image preview and gallery
- •Audio messages
- •Link previews
- •
User Features
- •Presence indicators
- •User profiles
- •Contact management
- •Block/mute users
Capstone Project 4: Code Playground
Description
An interactive code editor and execution environment similar to CodePen or JSFiddle.
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ CODE PLAYGROUND [Save] [Share] [Fork] │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ │
│ ┌─────────────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────────────────┐ │
│ │ HTML ▾ │ │ PREVIEW │ │
│ │ ───────────────────────│ │ ────────────────────────────│ │
│ │ <div id="app"> │ │ │ │
│ │ <h1>Hello World</h1> │ │ ┌─────────────────────┐ │ │
│ │ </div> │ │ │ Hello World │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ ├─────────────────────────┤ │ │ Counter: 5 │ │ │
│ │ CSS ▾ │ │ │ [+] [-] │ │ │
│ │ ───────────────────────│ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ #app { padding: 20px; }│ │ └─────────────────────┘ │ │
│ │ h1 { color: blue; } │ │ │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │
│ ├─────────────────────────┤ │ │ │
│ │ JavaScript ▾ │ │ │ │
│ │ ───────────────────────│ │ Console: │ │
│ │ const app = document.. │ │ > Counter initialized │ │
│ │ let count = 0; │ │ > Button clicked │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │
│ └─────────────────────────┘ └─────────────────────────────┘ │
│ │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Features to Implement
- •
Code Editor
- •Syntax highlighting
- •Auto-completion
- •Error highlighting
- •Multiple file support
- •
Execution Environment
- •Sandboxed iframe execution
- •Console capture
- •Error display
- •Hot reloading
- •
Collaboration
- •Save and share
- •Fork projects
- •Comments
- •Version history
- •
Security
- •Sandbox isolation
- •XSS prevention
- •Rate limiting
- •Input sanitization
Project Architecture Patterns
Module Pattern
Project Structure:
─────────────────
src/
├── modules/
│ ├── auth/
│ │ ├── authService.js
│ │ ├── authStore.js
│ │ └── authUI.js
│ ├── tasks/
│ │ ├── taskService.js
│ │ ├── taskStore.js
│ │ └── taskUI.js
│ └── shared/
│ ├── api.js
│ ├── storage.js
│ └── events.js
├── utils/
│ ├── validators.js
│ ├── formatters.js
│ └── helpers.js
├── app.js
└── index.html
Event-Driven Architecture
┌─────────────┐ Events ┌─────────────┐
│ Module A │ ───────────────▶│ Event Bus │
└─────────────┘ └─────────────┘
│
┌────────────────────────┼────────────────────────┐
│ │ │
▼ ▼ ▼
┌─────────────┐ ┌─────────────┐ ┌─────────────┐
│ Module B │ │ Module C │ │ Module D │
└─────────────┘ └─────────────┘ └─────────────┘
Security Checklist
Input Validation
- • Validate all user inputs
- • Sanitize HTML content
- • Use parameterized queries
- • Validate file uploads
Authentication
- • Secure password storage
- • JWT with proper expiration
- • HTTPS everywhere
- • Session management
Data Protection
- • Encrypt sensitive data
- • Secure storage
- • No secrets in code
- • Proper error handling
XSS Prevention
- • Output encoding
- • Content Security Policy
- • DOM manipulation safety
- • Trusted types
Performance Checklist
Loading Performance
- • Code splitting
- • Lazy loading
- • Image optimization
- • Resource hints
Runtime Performance
- • Virtual scrolling
- • Debounce/throttle
- • Memoization
- • Web Workers
Caching
- • Service workers
- • Local storage strategy
- • HTTP caching
- • Memory management
Testing Requirements
Unit Tests
- •Test all utility functions
- •Test validators
- •Test state management
- •Mock external dependencies
Integration Tests
- •Test module interactions
- •Test API integrations
- •Test data flow
- •Test error scenarios
E2E Tests
- •Test user workflows
- •Test authentication flow
- •Test critical paths
- •Test edge cases
Evaluation Criteria
| Criteria | Weight | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Functionality | 30% | All features work correctly |
| Code Quality | 25% | Clean, maintainable, well-organized |
| Security | 20% | Follows security best practices |
| Performance | 15% | Optimized, fast, efficient |
| Testing | 10% | Good test coverage |